Life satisfaction is a crucial facet of human well-being. Hence, research on life satisfaction is incumbent for understanding how individuals experience their lives and influencing interventions targeted at enhancing mental health and well-being. Life satisfaction has traditionally been measured using analog, complicated, and frequently error-prone methods. These methods raise questions concerning validation and propagation. However, this study demonstrates the potential for machine learning algorithms to predict life satisfaction with a high accuracy of 93.80% and a 73.00% macro F1-score. The dataset comes from a government survey of 19000 people aged 16-64 years in Denmark. Using feature learning techniques, 27 significant questions for assessing contentment were extracted, making the study highly reproducible, simple, and easily interpretable. Furthermore, clinical and biomedical large language models (LLMs) were explored for predicting life satisfaction by converting tabular data into natural language sentences through mapping and adding meaningful counterparts, achieving an accuracy of 93.74% and macro F1-score of 73.21%. It was found that life satisfaction prediction is more closely related to the biomedical domain than the clinical domain. Ablation studies were also conducted to understand the impact of data resampling and feature selection techniques on model performance. Moreover, the correlation between primary determinants with different age brackets was analyzed, and it was found that health condition is the most important determinant across all ages. This study demonstrates how machine learning, large language models and XAI can jointly contribute to building trust and understanding in using AI to investigate human behavior, with significant ramifications for academics and professionals working to quantify and comprehend subjective well-being.

Brain Age (BA) estimation via Deep Learning has become a strong and reliable bio-marker for brain health, but the black-box nature of Neural Networks does not easily allow insight into the features of brain ageing. We trained a ResNet model as a BA regressor on T1 structural MRI volumes from a small cross-sectional cohort of 524 individuals. Using Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) and DeepLIFT saliency mapping techniques, we analysed the trained model to determine the most relevant structures for brain ageing for the network, and compare these between the saliency mapping techniques. We show the change in attribution of relevance to different brain regions through the course of ageing. A tripartite pattern of relevance attribution to brain regions emerges. Some regions increase in relevance with age (e.g. the right Transverse Temporal Gyrus); some decrease in relevance with age (e.g. the right Fourth Ventricle); and others are consistently relevant across ages. We also examine the effect of the Brain Age Gap (BAG) on the distribution of relevance within the brain volume. It is hoped that these findings will provide clinically relevant region-wise trajectories for normal brain ageing, and a baseline against which to compare brain ageing trajectories.

Tinder is charging people over 30 up to 48 per cent more for its premium service, an investigation has revealed. Which? said its findings suggest possible discrimination and a potential breach of UK law by the popular dating app. The consumer group also initially accused Tinder of hiking prices for young gay and lesbian users aged 18-29, but has since backtracked on this. A statement from Which? said: 'Having initially chosen not to provide further information, Tinder has since revealed that it offers discounts to users aged 28 and under in the UK.' It added that the dating app'claimed that by including 29-year-olds in our analysis of the relationship between price with age and sexual orientation, "the results would be skewed to make it appear that LGBTQAI members paid more based upon orientation, when in fact, it was based upon age".' Which? said that in light of the new information, it has'no evidence that sexual orientation impacts pricing for young Tinder users'. Tinder had previously said it was'categorically untrue' that its pricing structure discriminates by sexual preference.

Tinder is charging young gay and lesbian users and people over 30 up to 48 per cent more for its premium service, an investigation has revealed. Consumer group Which? said its findings suggest possible discrimination and a potential breach of UK law by the popular dating app. Tinder said it was'categorically untrue' that its pricing structure discriminates by sexual preference. It would not explain why people are charged different prices for its Tinder Plus service, rather than just a blanket fee, but did admit that older people have to pay more in some countries. The dating app claimed that this price difference was'a discount for younger users', but Which?

MARKETING 24/06/2020 In English, Machine Translation Makes You Sound Like a Man in His Middle Age THREE BOCCONI SCHOLARS FOUND AN ALGORITHMIC BIAS IN THE SYSTEMS OF GOOGLE, BING, AND DEEPL, WHEN TRANSLATING FROM SEVERAL EUROPEAN LANGUAGES INTO ENGLISH Imagine a child raised in a village inhabited only by middle-aged men. For the first ten years of her life, she only hears males in their 60s talking of work, books, sports, health, and money. What kind of weird language do you think she will speak when she leaves the village? Something similar happens to the most common machine translation systems, according to a new study by Dirk Hovy, an Associate Professor of Computer Science at Bocconi, and two Postdoctoral Researchers in his lab, Federico Bianchi and Tommaso Fornaciari. To train a translation system based on machine learning, you feed it with large amounts of texts and let it learn by experience.